2010 Appropriations Bill

This year’s (FY 2010) omnibus appropriations bill grants the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) the largest budget on record, of $4.7 billion. Over $2 billion is slated for various programs that study and address climate change, from the National Atmospheric and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Economic Development Administration. This represents a monumental increase over last year’s funding levels. The FY 2010 omnibus spending bill also finances the creation of the Greenhouse Gas Registry, provides funding to implement the Energy Independence and Security Act, and funds carbon inventory for the Forest Service. However, it also includes language prohibiting the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) from requiring manure management systems to report their greenhouse gas emissions.

To read more or see summaries of the bill, visit Bloomberg or the 2010 Appropriations Bill.

Copenhagen

Last week marked the beginning of the Copenhagen climate talks. The talks, which are the political successor to the Kyoto conference that occurred ten years ago, mark a huge shift in public opinion on and awareness of climate change. Whereas Kyoto was the province of environmental ministers and scientists, now heads of state and finance gurus are involved. On Friday, President Obama will formally attend, along with China’s Premier, Wen Jiabao.

Originally, proponents had hoped that Copenhagen would result in hard limits on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), codified and enforced under international law. However, with US climate-change legislation languishing in the Senate, this is unlikely. Instead, participants now hope for soft promises and concessions that will lead to a formal treaty in the near future.

President Obama has been pushing hard for a treaty to take to Copenhagen since his inauguration. While he has had to settle for the House bill and slow progress in the Senate, the EPA bolstered his position last week. The Agency has released its final endangerment finding, originally proposed last spring. The finding is a response to a Supreme Court case which ruled that the EPA take responsibility for carbon dioxide emissions under the Clean Air Act. Like sulfur dioxide emissions, the EPA now has the authority to issue allotments for carbon dioxide-emitting industries and fine those that do not comply. Such activities would be exceedingly costly and time-consuming, so in a way the ruling and resulting finding provide incentives for Congress and industry lobbyists to come to an agreement with the White House over cap and trade. Generally, market oversight is a more favorable avenue than government regulation and enforcement for the business community and industry. Nonetheless, it will be interesting to see how the factors play out in the nuances of the Copenhagen talks. We will keep you up to date.

For an update on the climate debates, click here and here.